Premenstrual Syndrome (now termed Premenstrual Dysphoric disorder) is any symptom that occurs regularly in relation to the menstrual period. Although the name implies a problem just preceding the menses, the discomfort may appear at any approximately consistent time during the monthly cycle. Although Premenstrual Syndrome is not a disease, it can be the cause of great discomfort. For many women, it may be so minor as to be undeserving of comment.

There are many presentations of Premenstrual Syndrome. Common manifestations include lower abdominal cramping, mood swings, headaches, depression, and lethargy. Many women experience swelling of the abdomen, breast tenderness, with or without engorgement of the breast. Symptoms involving the gastrointestinal tract - such as diarrhea, heartburn, and distention - are less common. Neurological complaints, which can resemble stroke symptoms, are rare presentations of Premenstrual Syndrome. Fibromyalgia is also seen.

Most women in their childbearing years are generally healthy. I do not like to think of Premenstrual Syndrome as a disease. It is not, but it can be severe enough to be disabling.

One component of the therapy for Premenstrual Syndrome is vitamins. I interpret the frequent success in treating most of the symptoms of Premenstrual Syndrome with nutritional supplements as an indication that the underlying cause of the problem is an imbalance in how the body uses nutrients. This imbalance, I believe, can lead to more serious illness later in life. For example, if menstrual cramps are avoidable by taking B Vitamins, then that relative or functional deficiency can predispose to malfunction of a more serious nature as one ages.

Premenstrual Syndrome can be treated with dietary manipulation. Limiting or eliminating caffeine can provide partial or even full relief. I have designed programs of nutritional supplements using vitamins, minerals, amino acids, vitamin cofactors, essential fatty acids, and anti-oxidants to treat the discomforts involved. The specific regimens depend on the symptoms. However, many women find that a comprehensive multivitamin – one with instructions to take 4 to 6 a day – is beneficial.

The standard therapy for Premenstrual Syndrome is to prescribe anti-depressant medications. These have been beneficial for many women, especially those with the more severe symptoms. Side effects from these medicines are uncommon. Nutritional supplements and dietary and lifestyle changes still remain an alternative that I like to offer to those who are interested. I prefer to broaden the options for all problems people may experience, allowing choices for therapy and relief.